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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is nosocomial pneumonia occurring in a mechanically ventilated patient > 48 hours after intubation. It is categorized as early-onset (defined by most experts as 48-96 hours after intubation) and late-onset (> 2-96 hours after intubation): these differ with respect to responsible bacterial agents as well as outcomes. With an estimated incidence of 8-28% of intensive care unit (ICU) patients, or 13-35 cases per 1000 ventilator-days, VAP is common.
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Cognitive Effects of Estrogen Therapy; Vitamin Therapy and Restenosis; Echinacea and the Common Cold; Effects of Paxil in Children Under 18; FDA Actions.
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Jonas and colleagues have collected the largest series of cases of unilateral hemispherectomy and assessed outcomes for the parameters listed in the title of their manuscript. In 21 of 115 patients, the indication for surgery was Rasmussen encephalitis (RE). In the realm of non-surgical treatment of RE, Bien and colleagues administered tacrolimus to 7 patients with histopathologically proven RE.
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Inflammation in the brain is one of the established features of the neuropathology of Alzheimers Disease (AD). A large case-control study now indicates that patients with elevated serum markers of inflammation have an increased risk of developing AD.
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This paper carried out a clinical study to use gradient-echo MRI to determine prior evidence of microhemorrhages relating to cerebral amyloid angiopathy after patients had presented initially with lobar intracranial hemorrhage.
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This issue reviews the current status of SARS, influenza, and community-acquired pneumonia, providing essential information for emergency physicians and recommendations at a time when the therapeutic landscape for management of patients constantly is evolving.
